Identification of key projects for the development of urban services in Usolye-Sibirskoye for inclusion in the comprehensive project for the creation of the Federal Chemistry Center
Project team: A.P. Kozmin, S.M. Mayarenkov, L.S. Dmitrieva, P.A. Dorofeev, T. Galushchenko, V.I. Solovyova, P. Kovsharov
The aim of the work was to formulate proposals for adapting the urban environment for the development of the economy of the city of Usolye-Sibirskoye in the Irkutsk region in connection with the emergence of the Federal Chemistry Center here. The fact that a federal-scale production facility has emerged places certain demands on changing the urban environment of Usolye-Sibirskoye. In order to form a harmoniously functioning single space that meets the needs of both the enterprise's employees and the city's residents as a whole, it is necessary to introduce modern urban services. The city should be comfortable and convenient, and, in a sense, ahead of the needs of residents, responding to the changing trends of modern life. Thus, a list of key projects was formed, based on sociological research, as well as an analysis of the quality of the urban environment and urban services. The city of Usolye-Sibirskoye has a valuable heritage - the period of the city's heyday was associated with the development of a large industrial enterprise - Usolye-Sibirskoye Chemical Plant. Residents "dream" of restoring what was lost, but the production model and the portrait of a worker of the Soviet period are significantly different from modern ones. The image of a resident of a Soviet city was formed in the political and socio-economic conditions of that time, and the requirements for the environment were formed based on these features. He can be described as an employee of one enterprise for many years, content with a standard set of services, most of which were provided by the same enterprise. At the end of the day, he returned to his apartment, which was not much different from his neighbor's apartment, and the format of his leisure was determined by his place of residence. "Work in the factory, and relax at home or in the park next door" - the concept of spatial separation of functions became the main principle of urban development in the 20th century. It was in line with this paradigm that mass standard housing construction arose and developed, as well as the construction of service facilities, which residents were most often provided with by enterprises.

The structure of the city of Usolye-Sibirskoye as a Soviet industrial city is no exception and was formed according to the same model - a set of "life support workshops" of large industrial enterprises. Residential development formed uniform blocks, cultural centers and stadiums had symbolic names, and the main mode of transport for Usolye-Khimprom employees was the tram.

The life model of a new industrial enterprise employee differs significantly from the Soviet model. Modern values, trends in the organization of work and leisure time, and the structure of consumption shape his portrait. Unlike his colleagues from the past, he is much freer in his choice (of services, place of work and place of life, forms of leisure, etc.) Now a career can develop rapidly, while it is not necessary to be tied to one enterprise, especially physically - the remote work format is gaining more and more popularity. This can also be interpreted as a consequence of modern trends towards increasing personal mobility and saving time, for example, outsourcing of household services is actively practiced for the same purpose.

Another important change is that the consumer society model prevails, people strive to provide themselves with new benefits. Unlike megacities, which have already managed to form "new generation" services, a small industrial city does not reach their level - there are few resources and almost no demand for a "new city". Thus, the work was based on sociological, socio-economic research, urban development analysis of the territory, as well as the study of modern trends. As a result, the main directions of urban environment development were formulated:
  • MODERN HOUSING
  • GREEN FRAMEWORK AND PEDESTRIAN CONNECTIONS
  • LEISURE OPPORTUNITIES
  • TRANSPORT ACCESSIBILITY
  • BUSINESS LIFE CENTER
  • HEALTH INFRASTRUCTURE
  • SPORTS CITY
  • NEW FORMAT EDUCATION
  • COMPLEX OF TRADE AND CATERING SERVICES

The principles defined a set of key projects proposed for implementation, which became the basis of the urban development concept of the city. This concept proposes to "return the city to the water" - to form an embankment and recreational areas in undeveloped areas near the Angara River.

The unified city embankment will strengthen the water-green framework in the future and will become one of the key recreation areas. It will also strengthen the "resort direction", in parallel with the development of the territory of the resort "Usolye". The proposed system of bike paths covers important city objects and connects the industrial site with the embankment and the city center. An important element in the context of the FCH is the "Business Center" - a complex of administrative and service facilities in the buffer zone of production.